Self-Preservation as the First Principle of Defensive Ethics
Self-Preservation is the foundational principle of Defensive Ethics. It identifies what is morally at stake in violence—the protection of the conditions that sustain agency, autonomy, and dignity. Rooted in biology and developed through reflection, it transforms survival into moral responsibility. To defend oneself is to safeguard the structural integrity that supports moral life while recognizing the equal standing of others. From this foundation arise the further principles that guide ethical restraint and proportion in self-defense.














